We consider the problem of scheduling a single resource
non-preemptively in order to maximize its utilization. The delay of a
job is equal to the gap between its arrival time and the last possible
time at which it may be started while still meeting its deadline. We
introduce an additional restriction that each job must be willing to
accept a delay proportional to its job length. That is, we assume
there is some constant $\kappa$, such that any job of length $|J|$
allows a delay of at least $\kappa \cdot |J|$. This restriction is
quite natural for admission control, as it seems reasonable that a job
requesting 5 minutes of a resource might be willing to wait at least
10 seconds before beginning if necessary, whereas a job requesting 5
hours of time should be willing to handle a wait of 10 minutes
instead.
Our results show that this additional requirement has dramatic effects
on the competitiveness of online algorithms. Without this
restriction, previous lower bounds show that no algorithm,
deterministic or randomized, can achieve any bounded competitiveness
for the problem when arbitrarily job lengths are allowed. We show
that for any $\kappa>0$ a simple greedy algorithm is
$(2+\frac{1}{\kappa})$-competitive, and we give lower bounds showing
that this is the best possible result for a deterministic algorithm,
even when all jobs have one of three distinct lengths. In the special
case where all jobs have the same length, previous results give a
tight bound of 2 on the competitiveness for deterministic algorithms
without a minimum delay. We generalize these results, showing that
the competitiveness for any $\kappa \geq 0$ is exactly
$1+\frac{1}{\lfloor \kappa \rfloor +1}$. We also give tight bounds
for the case where jobs have one of two distinct lengths.