Integers: BCD
Since people think in decimal, it may be convenient to use a decimal-like representation.
Binary coded decimal (BCD) uses unsigned binary to represent each decimal digit.
How many bits are needed?
4 bits per decimal digit: ceil (lg 10) = 4
Since 4 bits can represent 16 values, 6 values are unused for every digit.
Advantages
Decimal input/output doesn't require complicated conversion.
Fewer problems with repeating fractions.
Example:
Represent 1739ten in BCD:
decimal 1 7 3 9
BCD 0001 0111 0011 1001